COMPARISION OF BOBATH APPROACH & MOTOR LEARNING PROGRAM

BOBATH APPROACH		MOTOR LEARNING PROGRAMM
Model of motor control
Hierarchical Movement are elicited by sensory input or controlled by central programs. Open loop & closed loop control is used. Feedback & feed-forward influences movements. CNS is hierarchically organized, with higher centers controlling lower centers. Reciprocal innervations are essential for coordinated movement.		Systemic model Personal & environmental systems interact to achieve functional goals. Movement emerges from the interaction of many systems. Systems are dynamical, self-organizing & heterarchical. Movement used for a task is the preferred for achieving a functional goal. Changes in one or more  system can alter behavior.
Theories of motor development
Neuromaturational Changes are due to CNS maturation. Development follows a predictable sequence (e.g. cephalo-caudal, proximal to distal). CNS damage leads to regression to lower levels & more stereotypical behaviors.		Systems Changes due to interaction of multiple systems. Progression varies because person & environmental context are unique. CNS damage leads to attempts to use remaining resources to achieve functional goals. CNS is hierarchically organized. Sensory stimuli inhibit spasticity & abnormal movements & facilitate normal movement & postural responses. Repetition of movement results in positive permanent change in CNS. Recovery from CNC damage follows a predictable sequence. Behavioral changes after CNS damage have a neurophysiological basis.
Assumption of therapeutic approaches
CNS is hierarchically organized. Sensory stimuli inhibit spasticity & abnormal movements & facilitate normal movement & postural responses. Repetition of movement results in positive permanent change in CNS. Recovery from CNC damage follows a predictable sequence. Behavioral changes after CNS damage have a neurophysiological basis.	Personal and environmental systems, including CNS is heterarchically organized. Functional task helps to organize behavior. Occupational performance emerges from the interaction of person & their environment. Experimentation with various strategies lead to optimal solution to motor problems. Recovery is variable because personal characteristics & environmental context are unique. Behavioral changes reflect attempts to compensate and to achieve task performance
Evaluation
Primary focus on performance components Abnormal muscle tone Abnormal reflexes & stereotypical patterns lead to in coordination. Postural control Memory & judgment Stages of recovery or developmental levels. Secondary focus on occupational performance.	Primary focus on role & occupational performance using a client-cantered view. Task analysis to determine performance components & context that limit function & to identify preferred movement patterns for specific tasks in varied contexts. Variables that causes transition to new patterns.  Secondary focus on selected occupational performance components & contexts that limit functions.